Permafrost
Permafrost is a layer of soil or rock that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years, typically found in polar and high-altitude regions. In space and astronautical engineering, permafrost is of particular interest due to its potential impact on the design and construction of structures and infrastructure on extraterrestrial bodies such as the Moon and Mars. The presence of permafrost can affect the stability of the ground and the thermal properties of the soil, which can impact the performance of equipment and the safety of personnel. Understanding the behavior of permafrost is crucial for the development of sustainable and safe infrastructure on extraterrestrial bodies.
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