Cardiovascular Changes
Cardiovascular changes refer to the physiological adaptations that occur in the cardiovascular system of astronauts during spaceflight. These changes are a result of the unique microgravity environment of space, which causes a shift of fluids from the lower body to the upper body, leading to a decrease in blood volume and cardiac output. Additionally, the lack of gravity-induced stress on the heart and blood vessels can cause them to weaken and atrophy over time. These changes can have negative effects on the health of astronauts, including an increased risk of orthostatic intolerance upon return to Earth. To mitigate these effects, astronauts engage in regular exercise and use specialized equipment to maintain cardiovascular health while in space.
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