Volcanism
Volcanism is the phenomenon of eruption of molten rock (magma) onto the surface of a planet or moon. In the context of space and astronautical engineering, volcanism is an important process that shapes the geology of planets and moons. Volcanic activity can create new landforms, such as mountains, valleys, and plains, and can also release gases into the atmosphere that can affect the climate and habitability of a planet. The study of volcanism in space is important for understanding the geological history and evolution of planets and moons, as well as for identifying potential resources, such as minerals and water, that may be present in volcanic deposits. Spacecraft missions to study volcanism have been conducted to several planets and moons, including Mars, Venus, and Io, and have provided valuable insights into the nature and extent of volcanic activity in the solar system.
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