Turbo Coding
Turbo coding is a type of forward error correction (FEC) coding technique used in digital communication systems to improve the reliability of data transmission over noisy channels. It is based on the concept of parallel concatenated codes, where two or more convolutional codes are used in tandem with an interleaver to create a single, powerful code. The decoder uses an iterative algorithm to decode the received signal, which involves exchanging soft information between the constituent decoders until a satisfactory estimate of the transmitted data is obtained. Turbo coding is widely used in satellite and deep space communication systems, as well as in wireless communication systems such as 3G and 4G cellular networks.
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