T-score
T-score is a standard score used in bone mineral density (BMD) testing to compare an individual's BMD to that of a healthy 30-year-old adult. It is calculated by taking the difference between an individual's BMD and the average BMD of a healthy 30-year-old adult, and then dividing that difference by the standard deviation of BMD in healthy 30-year-old adults. T-scores are used to diagnose osteoporosis and determine an individual's risk of bone fractures. A T-score of -1.0 or above is considered normal, a T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia (low bone mass), and a T-score of -2.5 or below indicates osteoporosis.
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