Ozone-depleting Substances
Ozone-depleting substances (ODS) are chemicals that contain chlorine, bromine, or other halogen atoms and are capable of destroying the stratospheric ozone layer. These substances are commonly used in refrigeration and air conditioning systems, as solvents, and in the production of foam insulation and packaging materials. When released into the atmosphere, ODS molecules can rise to the stratosphere where they are broken down by ultraviolet radiation, releasing chlorine and bromine atoms that react with ozone molecules, breaking them apart. This process leads to the formation of the ozone hole, which allows harmful ultraviolet radiation to reach the Earth's surface, increasing the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health problems. The Montreal Protocol, an international treaty signed in 1987, aims to phase out the production and consumption of ODS in order to protect the ozone layer and prevent further damage.
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