Olivine
Olivine is a mineral that is commonly found in igneous rocks and is also present in some meteorites. It is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe)2SiO4. Olivine is an important mineral in the study of planetary geology because it is one of the first minerals to crystallize from a magma. It is also used as a geothermometer, which means that it can be used to estimate the temperature at which a rock formed. Olivine is also being studied as a potential material for carbon dioxide sequestration, as it can react with carbon dioxide to form stable minerals. In the context of space and astronautical engineering, olivine is of interest because it is present on the surface of Mars and has been detected on other planets and asteroids. It is also being studied as a potential resource for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) on Mars and other planetary bodies.
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