Langmuir Probes
Langmuir probes are diagnostic tools used in space and astronautical engineering to measure the plasma density, electron temperature, and potential of a plasma. The probe consists of a small electrode that is inserted into the plasma and biased with respect to the surrounding spacecraft. The current-voltage characteristic of the probe is then measured and used to determine the plasma parameters. Langmuir probes are commonly used in spacecraft plasma environments to study the interaction between the spacecraft and the surrounding plasma, as well as in laboratory plasma experiments to study fundamental plasma physics.
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