Instrument Approach Procedure
In the context of aerospace engineering, an Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP) is a series of predetermined maneuvers for the orderly transfer of an aircraft under instrument flight conditions from the beginning of the initial approach to a landing or to a point from which a landing may be made visually. These procedures are designed to ensure the safety and efficiency of aircraft operations in Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC), when pilots are unable to navigate using visual references. IAPs are typically published in aeronautical charts and include details such as the approach path, altitudes, speeds, and navigation aids to be used. They are designed based on the performance capabilities of the aircraft, the terrain and obstacles in the approach area, and the available navigation infrastructure. IAPs are critical for the safe operation of aircraft in poor visibility conditions and are an essential part of the air traffic control system.
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