Beamforming
In the context of aerospace engineering, beamforming is a signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. This is achieved by combining elements in a phased array in such a way that signals at particular angles experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. Beamforming can be used at both the transmitting and receiving ends to achieve spatial selectivity. The improvement compared with omnidirectional reception/transmission is known as the directivity of the array. Beamforming can be used for radio or sound waves. It has found numerous applications in radar, sonar, seismology, wireless communications, bio-medical and astronomy. Specifically in aerospace, beamforming is crucial in technologies such as satellite communication systems and radar systems, where the directionality of a beam can be used to communicate with distant objects or to detect the presence and position of objects.
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